unruly: implies unwillingness to submit to discipline or incapability for discipline and often connotes waywardness or turbulence of disposition: ~ children.


ungovernable: implies either incapacity for or escape from control or guidance by oneself or others or a state of being unsubdued: ~ rage.


intractable: suggests stubborn resistance to guidance or control: the farmers were ~ in their opposition to the hazardous-waste dump.


refractory: stresses resistance to attempts to manage or mold: special schools for ~ children.

recalcitrant: suggests determined resistance to or rebellious and deliberate defiance of the will or authority of another: acts of sabotage by a ~ populace.  populace普通群众，population人口，都表示整体，后者更通用。


willful: implies an obstinate and often capricious determination to have one's own way: a ~ disregard for the rights of others.


headstrong: suggests self-will that is impatient of restraint, advice, or suggestion: a ~ young army officer bent on engaging the enemy.


unruly难管教: 不服从管教，表示偏执暴躁的性格(wayward偏执: 任性古怪固执)，ungovernable难以抑制的: 无法控制引导，表示无法抑制(subdue强力压制)，intractable不服从难对付: 顽强抵制引导控制，refractory不服管教: 强调抵制管教(manage管理mold铸就，和discipline管教同意)，recalcitrant抗命: 抵制违抗他人的权威意(rebel反抗叛逆，defy违抗)，willful固执: 顽固任性地坚持自己方式，headstrong也是固执: 坚持个人意志(self-will)，不克制不听劝告。


记忆方法: 1）首字母UUIRRWH重新排序成RR WUHUI, RR想成两个人，WUHUI舞会<==抗命要去跳舞


2）抗命的意思是不服从管控mean not submissive to government or control.